WASHINGTON — The impact of devastating hurricanes has brought renewed attention to the role of the National Guard and satellite communications in disaster response, prompting a renewed debate over whether the Pentagon should establish a Space National Guard as a component of the U.S. Space Force.
John Klein, a professor and expert in military strategy, argues that a Space National Guard would provide much-needed support during disaster relief efforts. National Guard forces are activated when local resources are overwhelmed by natural disasters.
National Guard units are uniquely positioned to provide these services during domestic crises, thanks to the authorities granted under Title 32, which active-duty military do not have, Klein said Oct. 9 during a discussion at George Washington University’s Space Policy Institute, where he presented the second edition of his book, “Space Warfare Strategy, Principles, and Policy.”
Since the establishment of the U.S. Space Force in 2019, the idea of creating a Space National Guard has been embroiled in political debate. Advocates argue that a dedicated space unit could enhance preparedness for both military and domestic emergencies. Detractors, including the White House and senior Pentagon officials, warn that forming such a force would be costly and lead to unnecessary bureaucracy.
Increased reliance on satcomMeanwhile, the role of satellite communications in disaster response has expanded. Starlink, a satellite internet system operated by SpaceX, has become a critical resource for emergency connectivity, offering stable internet access when terrestrial networks are down.
During Hurricane Helene’s aftermath, the Federal Emergency Management Agency shipped 180 Starlink kits to North Carolina, reinforcing calls for better integration of satellite technology into disaster relief efforts.
Scott Pace, director of the Space Policy Institute at George Washington University, noted the shift in his own perspective. Formerly opposed to the idea of a Space National Guard, Pace said Klein’s comments brought back memories of past debates about state-level space programs.
“Back when Governor Jerry Brown proposed a space program for California, I didn’t think it was a great idea,” Pace said. “But now, seeing the role that Starlink has played in North Carolina’s disaster response, I’m beginning to think there might be room for a Space National Guard.”
Currently, about 700 members of the Air National Guard support space operations, including satellite communications. However, whether there is enough political will to create a separate Space National Guard remains uncertain. The Biden administration has consistently argued that integrating these units into the Space Force would be simpler and more cost-effective.